Antibiotics are the combination of certain medicines, which help in fighting against infections caused by bacteria. It is also known as antibacterials. These medicines are useful for curing infections caused by germs like bacteria and some parasites.
Furthermore, they help in treating diseases like skin infection, sore throat, ear infection, etc. They aim to destroy or block the germs which cause infection in your body. However, they have no effect against infections caused by viruses.
Antibiotics are mostly prescribed for certain serious bacterial infections. They are like warriors who fight against the infection in the body and help it to recover quickly. It is extremely important to take antibiotics at the right place and at the right time to help in reducing the antibiotic-resistant in the body.
How to use Antibiotics
Antibiotics are effective on certain kinds of bacteria which they help to treat. But it cannot be used interchangeably. It is very important to use these antibiotics in the right and a prescribed way to avoid side effects.
However, antibiotics may have some side effects which totally depend on person to person that may range from feeling nauseous nuisance to serious side effects. Doses of antibiotics depend on the age, condition of the patient, type of infection, medical history, and many other parameters.
It is of utmost importance for an individual to get an examination by a doctor, before taking antibiotics. Doctors communicate with the patients and examine their condition and then they prescribe a set dose to fight against bacterial infections.
There are many other microbes like viruses that cause upper respiratory tract infections like the common cold and flu. Although, these antibacterials are not effective against viruses. The doctor prescribes a broad range of antibiotics to treat a variety of infections. The limited-spectrum antibiotic is only effective against certain kinds of bacteria.
Side effects of Antibacterials
There are side effects of the antibiotics in the patients consuming them. Although, it is not important that every patient who takes antibiotics will suffer from any of the side effects. Therefore, different kinds of antibiotics record distinct side effects that totally depend on person to person.
There are many side-effects that are not serious yet cause uneasiness to the patients. So, we are mentioning certain side-effects that are common among the people who were using antibiotics:
- mild stomach upset
- nausea
- swelling (of the lips, face, or tongue)
- signs of an allergic reaction
- Vaginal itching or discharge
- Vomiting etc.
- soft stools (feces) or diarrhea
- fainting
- White patches on the tongue
These above-mentioned side effects are the common ones but they may be some serious side effects of the medication too. These serious side effects need immediate attention from doctors. Thus, we are highly recommending not take any antibiotic without a prescription by the doctors.
Available types and forms of Antibacterials
Antibacterials are a combination or a group of drugs that shows homogeneous chemical and pharmacologic properties. But majorly these antibiotics listed down under individual antibiotic classes. It has chemical structures that are comparable and drugs that fall under the same class kill the same kind of bacteria.
Some different kinds of antibacterials are as follows:
- Quinolones
- Sulfonamides
- Penicillins
- Carbapenems
- Aminoglycosides
- Macrolides
- Glycopeptides
- Lincomycins
- Cephalosporins
- Tetracyclines
Antibacterial comes in different forms like:
- Liquids
- Tablets
- Ointments
- creams
- Capsules
Components used in the making of Antibiotics
In earlier times, people discovered Beta-lactam antibiotics and penicillin. Lately, there were many different antibacterials discovered to cure distinct kinds of infections. Many scientists found a certain type of fungus that naturally secrets penicillin. Eventually, the production of penicillin is in huge quantities in many laboratories by fermentation of the fungus.
There were certain early antibiotics that had developed by bacteria found in soil. But nowadays, all the antibiotics medicines have developed in labs. However, certain types of medication produce from a series of chemical reactions that develop the substance utilized in this medication.
Although, there are some antibiotics, which partially produced through a natural and controlled process. This process has improved with some chemical reactions that adapted the original substance to create a different medication.
To Sum up
Antibiotics are the medication which is effective on certain bacterial infections. However, it excludes infection that causes by viruses. Excessive usage of the medications results in developing resistance in the body that makes the medication ineffective against the certain disease.
These antibacterials are divided on different bases, but the classification is done on the basis of mode of action, chemical structures, and the spectrum of activity. Although, the demand for beta-lactam and beta-lactamase inhibitors class of antibiotics is relatively higher among healthcare providers.
The development of advanced products and increasing collaborative development efforts will propel the growth of the antibiotics market. But the huge cost involves in Research and Development area for developing new medication will restrict the growth of the market.
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