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Disclaimer: Much of this article is based on the PowerPoint presentation Operational Excellence: An Integrated Business Execution System developed by Operational Excellence Consulting.
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In "The Discipline of Market Leaders," Michael Treacy and Fred Wiersema describe three distinct value propositions an organization can choose to compete in their market or industry:
- Operational Excellence,
- Product Leadership, and
- Customer Intimacy.
The core of the book is based on five years of research by the Treacy and Wiersema into companies, including Wal-Mart, Dell, Southwest Airlines, Home Depot, Intel, and Sony. Market leaders choose to excel in delivering extraordinary levels of one of these three value propositions, while maintaining reasonable standards in the other disciplines. So, what exactly is Operational Excellence?
Operational Excellence is a well established management philosophy. It is a philosophy of Leadership, Teamwork, and Problem Solving, resulting in Continuous Improvement throughout the organization by focusing on the needs of the customer, empowering employees, and optimizing existing activities in the process.
There are many approaches, frameworks, and models that have been presented under the term Operational Excellence. It is also closely related to other continuous improvement methodologies, such as Lean Management and Six Sigma.
Achieving Operational Excellence
To achieve Operational Excellence requires the successful implementation of an integrated Business Execution System that effectively and seamlessly integrates the following four building blocks:
- Strategy Deployment,
- Performance Management,
- Process Excellence, and
- High Performance Work Teams.
Let's delve briefly into each of these components.
Strategy Deployment
Strategy or Policy Deployment is the process that aligns and links business strategy and execution. The Strategy Deployment Process follows a 6 phase approach:
- Phase 1: Organize the process.
- Phase 2: Conduct current state analysis.
- Phase 3: Define strategic vision elements.
- Phase 4: Develop strategic breakthrough objectives.
- Phase 5: Determine strategic initiatives and tactics.
- Phase 6: Implement strategy and review.
There are many tools and frameworks assist in the Strategy Deployment process, such as Strategy Maps, Strategic Grids, and Hoshin X-Matrix.
Performance Management
Performance Management is the process that translates strategic initiatives into measurable objectives and goals. A powerful tool for Performance Management used in Operational Excellence is the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) framework, developed by Dr. Robert Kaplan and Dr. David Norton. BSC is used extensively in business and industry, government, and nonprofit organizations worldwide to align business activities to the vision and strategy of the organization, improve internal and external communications, and monitor organization performance against strategic goals.
There are numerous benefits to developing and deploying Balanced Scorecards in an organization. These benefits include:
- Help the management team focus on the execution of their business strategy.
- Focus and align an organization towards common goals and objectives.
- Enable an organization to understand the relationship between measures and performance.
- Improve communication of organizational priorities across an organization.
- Help employees to understand and focus on organizational priorities and realize relevant results.
- Reduce the number of metrics to the few vital key performance indicators.
- Strengthen and formalize the project selection process to focus on key capabilities and enablers.
Process Excellence
Well designed, efficient, and effective Management, Value Chain, and Support Processes are necessary to deliver world-class results. On a high level, to attain Process Excellence, follow this 5-phase approach:
- Phase 1: Select the right projects. Clarify big picture using strategic and operating plan. Prioritize projects based on impact, value, resources, timing. Ensure the projects you select have leadership buy-in, etc.
- Phase 2: Select and train the right people. Ensure the right leadership and ownership. Select the right team leader and team. Develop a training plan, etc.
- Phase 3: Develop and implement improvement plans. Utilize the right improvement methodology for the right project.
- Phase 4: Manage for excellence in execution. Stay focused. Frequently review progress. Remove barriers, check real business impact, continuously communicate progress, etc.
- Phase 5: Sustain the gains. Implement effective control plans. Conduct regular training focused on the process. Review the system effectiveness at least quarterly, etc.
There are numerous frameworks and tools for achieving Process Excellence, including full a suite of Lean Six Sigma methodology tools. Examples include BPI 7, 8D, DMAIC, and so forth.
High Performance Work Teams
Operational Excellence can be achieved and sustained with the right attitude, the right mindset, and the right competencies. In the "Empowerment Continuum," the high performance team has the highest level of empowerment. This requires the team to have sufficiency across the areas of authority, resources, information, accountability.
While an organization transitions from a more traditional top-down organization to an organization build around high performance work teams, the role of a supervisor or manager changes to the role of a leader and coach, with six distinctive capabilities: living example, coach, barrier buster, result catalyst, facilitator, and business analyzer.
This article provides a very rudimentary introduction to Operational Excellence.
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